We learn Italian step by step | Impariamo l'italiano piano piano
Impariamo l’italiano piano piano is a story-based podcast designed for B1 to B2 Italian language learners who want to immerse themselves in engaging narratives while strengthening their grammar and vocabulary. Novices are welcome too—because we take everything piano piano, one gentle step at a time.
Each episode unfolds through an ongoing story, allowing you to experience Italian in context, naturally reinforcing key structures like the imperfetto, passato prossimo, and congiuntivo. You’ll also get guided practice, interactive exercises, and cultural insights to help you think, speak, and write in Italian with more confidence.
Your host Myra—an instructional designer and passionate language learner who understands the challenges of mastering Italian as an adult—is joined by Antonio, a familiar voice you’ll get to know throughout the episodes. Together, they guide you piano piano, step by step, toward greater fluency.
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We learn Italian step by step | Impariamo l'italiano piano piano
Episode 10 - Gentle Orders and Friendly Advice
Episode 10 – Gentle Orders, Friendly Advice: Forming the Imperativo
🎧 Episode 10 – Gentle Orders, Friendly Advice
Podcast: We Learn Italian Step by Step | Impariamo l’italiano piano piano
In this episode, we step deeper into the imperativo—Italian commands that can sound sharp, polite, or even affectionate depending on how they’re used.
With Antonio (always ready to “command”), Paolo (ever the critic), and Myra guiding the way, we explore:
- How to form regular imperativo with -ARE, -ERE, and -IRE verbs.
- Why tu and Lei seem to “switch” endings with -ARE verbs.
- How to attach pronouns in positive commands (Parlami!, Leggilo!, Dormici sopra!).
- The rules for negative commands: tu uses non + infinitive (Non parlare!), while Lei, noi, voi keep the imperative form.
- Reflexive verbs in commands, from Riposati! to Si accomodi!
📖 Alongside grammar, Mariella’s mysterious encounter continues: a deserted piazza, a grandmotherly figure, and words of advice whispered in the night—Fidati del tuo istinto! Segui il tuo cuore…
🎭 Expect grammar surprises, dramatic banter (including Antonio’s big declaration: “Sono nato per comandare!”), and lots of practice turning commands into caring advice.
⏳ CHAPTERS
0:00 Intro
2:38 Story Chapter 2, Part 1A (review)
3:31 Answers to comprehension questions
5:04 Story Chapter 2, Part 1A (with English translation)
6:53 Answer to challenge question
7:28 Review: types of imperatives
8:05 Verb “switch” explained
9:28 How to form regular commands
13:05 Practice with regular commands
15:30 Adding pronouns to commands
17:21 Negative imperatives (tu form)
18:11 Negative imperatives (Lei form)
19:11 Reflexive commands
21:15 Topics for the next episode
25:10 Practice: informal tu commands
26:51 Practice: formal Lei commands
29:43 Comprehension questions
30:40 Story Chapter 2, Part 1B (Italian only – slow speed)
32:15 Story Chapter 2, Part 1B (Italian only – normal speed)
33:33 Wrap-up
Never Too Late to Learn
A brief reflection inspired by Bill Monty’s Guide for Getting Older and his episode about Dame Patricia Routledge who, at 96, decided to learn Italian so she could sing an Italian opera. A beautiful reminder that it’s never too late to learn something new, pursue a passion, or follow a dream.
Find transcripts, study guides, and my blog posts here.
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🎙 Welcome to We learn Italian step by step / Impariamo l’italiano piano piano
🎧 Episode 10: Gentle Orders Friendly Advice / Ordini gentili consigli affettuosi
Introduction
Myra: Benvenuti a Impariamo l'italiano piano piano! I'm Myra, and with me, as always, is Antonio.
Antonio: Eccomi! Pronto a comandare ancora una volta!
Here I am! Ready to give more commands once again!
Myra: Not just to command, Antonio. How about to lead!
Antonio: Ma… e Paolo? Dov'è finito questa volta?
But… where's Paolo? Where has he gone this time?
Myra: I'm sure he's around here somewhere. For now, let's get started. Last episode we left you with some comprehension questions. How about we hear the story opening again and we'll go over the questions insieme? Take it away …..Antonio!
Story chapter 2 part 1A review
Antonio:
Venerdì pomeriggio, Mariella è arrivata puntuale alla stazione.
Indossava una giacca di pelle e le sue scarpe migliori, ma il freddo vento autunnale le faceva desiderare di avere un cappotto più pesante.
In mano teneva un ombrello, anche se il cielo era solo parzialmente nuvoloso.
Mentre aspettava fuori, osservava la piazza deserta.
I lampioni proiettavano lunghe ombre sul marciapiede, e il silenzio era interrotto solo dal suono lontano di un treno in arrivo.
Mariella ha guardato il telefono e ha letto un messaggio di Zina.
"Ho dovuto lavorare un po' di più. Resta lì! Arriverò in tempo per portarti all'appuntamento con l'avvocato."
Answers to comprehension questions
Myra:
Grazie, Antonio. So, let's take a look at those comprehension questions from last time and see how you did.
Antonio:
Vediamo se gli studenti saggi hanno seguito bene…
Let's see if the wise students followed along well…
Myra:
Va bene, sentiamo la prima domanda.
Dove è arrivata Mariella venerdì pomeriggio?
Where did Mariella arrive on Friday afternoon?
Myra: E la risposta?
Answer: Mariella è arrivata alla stazione.
Mariella arrived at the station.
Myra: E la prossima?
Antonio: Che cosa indossava Mariella e perché desiderava un cappotto più pesante?
What was Mariella wearing, and why did she wish she had a heavier coat?
Myra:
E la risposta?
Indossava una giacca di pelle e le sue scarpe migliori, ma il freddo vento autunnale le faceva desiderare un cappotto più pesante.
She was wearing a leather jacket and her best shoes, but the cold wind made her wish for a heavier coat.
E la prossima?
Antonio: Che cosa teneva in mano Mariella e com'era il cielo?
What was Mariella holding in her hand, and what was the weather like?
Myra: E la risposta?
Teneva in mano un ombrello, anche se il cielo era solo parzialmente nuvoloso.
She was holding an umbrella, even though the sky was only partly cloudy.
Myra: E la prossima?
Antonio: Che cosa notava Mariella della piazza mentre aspettava?
What did Mariella notice about the piazza while she was waiting?
Myra: E la risposta?
Antonio: Notava che la piazza era deserta.
She noticed that the square was deserted.
Myra: E la prossima?
Antonio: Che cosa rompeva il silenzio nella piazza?
What broke the silence in the square?
Myra: E la risposta?
Antonio: Il silenzio era interrotto solo dal suono lontano di un treno in arrivo.
Only the distant sound of a train approaching.
Myra: E la prossima?
Antonio: Chi ha mandato un messaggio a Mariella e che cosa diceva?
Who sent Mariella a message, and what did it say?
Myra: E la risposta?
Antonio: Zina le ha mandato un messaggio dicendo che aveva dovuto lavorare di più e le ha scritto: "Resta lì! Arriverò in tempo per portarti all'appuntamento con l'avvocato."
Zina sent her a message saying she had to work late, and she wrote:
"Stay there! I will arrive on time to take you to the appointment with the lawyer."
Myra: Benissimo! And now we're ready to hear this part of the story again, this time with the English translation.
Story chapter 2 part 1A with English translation
Friday afternoon, Mariella arrived on time at the station.
Venerdì pomeriggio, Mariella è arrivata puntuale alla stazione.
She was wearing a leather jacket and her best shoes, but the cold autumn wind made her wish for a heavier coat.
Indossava una giacca di pelle e le sue scarpe migliori, ma il freddo vento autunnale le faceva desiderare di avere un cappotto più pesante.
In her hands, she held an umbrella, even though the sky was only partially cloudy.
In mano teneva un ombrello, anche se il cielo era solo parzialmente nuvoloso.
While she waited outside, she observed the deserted square.
Mentre aspettava fuori, osservava la piazza deserta.
The streetlights cast long shadows on the sidewalk, and the silence was broken only by the distant sound of an approaching train.
I lampioni proiettavano lunghe ombre sul marciapiede, e il silenzio era interrotto solo dal suono lontano di un treno in arrivo.
Mariella looked at her phone, reading a message from Zina.
Mariella ha guardato il telefono e ha letto un messaggio di Zina.
"I had to work a little late. Stay where you are! I'll be there on time to take you to the lawyer's appointment."
"Ho dovuto lavorare un po' di più. Resta lì! Arriverò in tempo per portarti all'appuntamento con l'avvocato."
Answer to challenge question
Myra: Did you catch the imperativo? One of our saggi studenti did. Fellow Canadian Paul spoke to us using SpeakPipe.
Paul: Hi Myra, For Episode 9, I think the imperativo was when Zina told Mariella, "Resta lì!" So, "stay there!" and it was in the category of giving directions. Paul from Cold Lake. Thank you.
Antonio: Bravo, Paul! Resta lì! — diretto e affettuoso, proprio come hai detto tu.
Well done, Paul! Resta lì! — direct and caring, just as you said.
Myra: Well done Paul, and thank you once again for your participation.
Review types of imperatives
Remember, imperatives can be direct orders, polite invitations, or caring advice, and sometimes they can fit more than one category, depending on the tone.
In this case, Resta lì! is a clear, direct instruction from Zina. She doesn't want Mariella wandering off before the appointment. But, because they are friends, it also carries a note of care: "Stay put, I'll come get you."
So it's both a direct order and an affectionate suggestion.
Are you perhaps wondering why it's 'resta' and not 'resti'? Mariella and Zina are friends, after all. The second person singular of 'restare' is 'resti' correct?
Verb Switch
Here is the key: when Italians give commands using ARE verbs, the verb forms do a little switch. Not exactly but you can think of it that way.
So the tu form of restare when giving a command becomes 'resta' and the Lei form, you got it, Lei resti.
So for all intents and purposes you can consider those two switching here with the imperativo. In fact the Lei form of the imperative is actually "borrowed" from the congiuntivo presente. We'll study the subjunctive in a later chapter, but the good news is that by practicing these Lei commands now, you're already getting familiar with how the subjunctive works.
And as I mentioned for ARE verbs it's as if the "tu" and the "Lei" switch position.
How to form Regular commands
Let's look at how to build regular commands with ARE, ERE, and IRE verbs.
For ARE verbs:
- The Tu form takes the letter 'a' or the sound 'a'.
- The Lei form takes the letter 'i' or the sound 'i'
For example parlare:
- tu: Parla!
- Lei: Parli!
- noi: Parliamo!
- voi: Parlate!
Notice that noi and voi are the same as present indicative. So that part's easy.
Did you notice that we're missing "Io" and "lui/Lei"? Well if you think about it, you don't generally give a command to yourself, or to him/her. That's why they're not included here. When it comes to 'noi', how you can interpret this is "let's", so "Parliamo!", let's talk.
So again for ARE verbs, the "tu" form takes the sound "a". The Lei form takes the sound "i" at the end.
For ERE verbs:
- The Tu form in the imperativo takes the letter 'i' or the sound 'i'. It does not change from the indicativo presente.
- The Lei form takes the letter 'a' or the sound 'a'. So that is a change from the indicativo.
So they all change in the Lei form. ARE changes in the "tu" form. But ERE and IRE keep the same old form as in the indicativo presente.
So ERE verb leggere:
- tu: Leggi!
- Lei: Legga!
- noi: Leggiamo!
- voi: Leggete!
Noi and voi, just like with the ARE verbs, don't change.
For IRE verbs the formation of commands is identical to the ERE verbs.
- The Tu form takes the letter 'i' or the sound 'i', again as it always did. Also this one does not change from the indicativo presente.
- The Lei form takes the letter 'a' or the sound 'a'
For example dormire:
- tu: Dormi!
- Lei: Dorma!
- noi: Dormiamo!
- voi: Dormite!
You could think of it this way, with the imperativo, ARE verbs end in the sound -a with the tu form (Parla!), but ERE and IRE verbs end in the sound -i (Leggi! Dormi!). That's the key pattern to remember.
Before we continue onto adding pronouns to commands, let's do a little more practice with some regular verbs without pronouns:
Practice Exercise – Regular Verbs without Pronouns
1. To buy → comprare
- Tu → Compra!
- Lei → Compri!
2. To write → scrivere
- Tu → Scrivi!
- Lei → Scriva!
3. To cook → cucinare
- Tu → Cucina!
- Lei → Cucini!
4. To sell → vendere
- Tu → Vendi!
- Lei → Venda!
5. To serve → servire
- Tu → Servi!
- Lei → Serva!
6. To walk → camminare
- Tu → Cammina!
- Lei → Cammini!
Myra: Bravissimi! Here we can see the same rule at work with different verbs:
- For tu, -are verbs end in -a (Compra! Cammina! Cucina!), while -ere and -ire verbs end in -i (Scrivi! Vendi! Servi!).
- For Lei, they flip (with the tu form): -are ends in -i (Compri! Cammini! Cucini!), while -ere and -ire end in -a (Scriva! Venda! Serva!).
Adding Pronouns to Commands
Sometimes verbs need a pronoun to complete the meaning. Let's look at some examples. These are all using the 'tu' form:
Speak! - Parla! → If I want to say "Speak to me!", I add the pronoun mi: Parlami!
Read! - Leggi! → If I mean "Read it!" (for example, the book), I add the pronoun lo: Leggilo!
Sleep! Dormi! → If I want to say "Sleep a little more!", I could just say Dormi ancora! — no pronoun needed. But if I mean "Sleep on it!", referring to a decision (ci = on it), I add the pronoun ci: Dormici sopra!
So, in positive imperatives, the rule is: the pronoun goes after the verb, attached to it.
Antonio: Parla! Leggi! Dormi! Così diretto, così immediato!
Speak! Read! Sleep! So direct, so immediate!
Paolo: Antonio, dormi tu! Così smetti di interrompere.
Antonio, you sleep! That way you stop interrupting.
Antonio: Ma… da dove spunti fuori tu, Paolo, di nuovo?
But… where did you come from, Paolo, again?
Paolo: Io vivo qui. Anzi, ci dormo pure. E tu, dove dormi?
I live here. In fact, I sleep here too. And you — where do you sleep?
Antonio: Io? Dormire? Io non ho bisogno di dormire come voi comuni mortali… a meno che non me lo dica Myra.
Me? Sleep? I don't need to sleep like you mere mortals… unless Myra tells me to.
Myra: Antonio, non dormire! Rimani sveglio e aiutami con i comandi.
Antonio, don't sleep! Stay awake and help me with the commands.
Negative Commands 'tu' form
Antonio: Ah! Proprio così, Myra! Questo ci porta a un altro argomento: i comandi negativi.
Ah! Exactly, Myra! That brings us to another topic: negative commands.
Myra:
Right, negative commands. Here the Tu form is the same across all three conjugations, are, ere and ire.
📘 Rules for Negative Imperatives
Tu form
You don't use the regular imperativo ending.
Instead, you use non + infinitive.
Example:
- -are → parlare → Non parlare! (Don't speak!)
- -ere → leggere → Non leggere! (Don't read!)
- -ire → dormire → Non dormire! (Don't sleep!)
👉 This is the special rule just for tu.
Lei, Noi, voi forms
These stay exactly like the positive imperativo, just with non in front.
Examples:
LEI - Don't sleep! Non dorma! → (formal Lei)
NOI - Let's not eat! Non mangiamo! →
VOI - Don't speak, you all! Non parlate! →
✅ Quick Summary of Negative commands
- Tu = non + infinitive (Non parlare!).
- Noi, voi, Lei = non + the normal imperativo form (Non parliamo! Non parlate! Non parli!).
Antonio:
Ma Myra… non ti stai dimenticando qualcosa?
But Myra… aren't you forgetting something?
Myra:
Che c'è?
What's up?
Antonio:
Pensa bene!
Think back!
Non ci sono verbi che parlano… di noi stessi?
Aren't there verbs that describe actions we do to ourselves?
Myra: Ah, sì! Antonio. I verbi riflessivi, reflexive verbs. We remember those right? Verbs that are used when the subject and the object are the same, like:
to wash oneself → lavarsi
to get dressed → vestirsi
to rest → riposarsi
This is all about where to put the pronoun right?
Antonio: Esatto! Li abbiamo già visti con Riposati! o Prenditi una pausa!
Exactly! We already saw it with Riposati! or Prenditi una pausa!
Myra: Bravo, Antonio. That's the key. With tu, noi, voi commands, the reflexive pronoun attaches to the end:
Rest! → Riposati!
Let's rest! → Riposiamoci!
You all rest! → Riposatevi!
Antonio: E invece con il Lei formale cambia: il pronome va prima.
But with the formal Lei form it changes: the pronoun goes before.
Myra: Ah yes, the formal Lei. When we're talking to the professor, or your soon to be in-laws, we want to get it right. The reflexive pronoun goes before the verb.
Have a seat! (formal) → Si accomodi!
Rest! (formal) → Si riposi!
Antonio: E i comandi negativi con i verbi riflessivi? Non ne parliamo?
And what about negative commands with reflexive verbs? Aren't we going to talk about those?
Myra: Ottima osservazione, Antonio. Negative reflexive verbs. And that reminds me, there's a little more to the placement of pronouns in the tu negative form as well. But let's save that for another episode, otherwise today's will be too long.
Antonio: Ah, un piccolo cliffhanger!
Ah, a little cliffhanger!
Myra: Exactly. For now, let's go back to the sample commands we looked at in the last episode. This time, as you listen, try to pay attention to the form of the verb. Most of them should start to make sense to you according to the rules we have learned so far today. But two of them are irregular. Can you spot the two? Antonio will say each one, first in the tu form then in the Lei form.
Get some rest! → Riposati! (tu) / Si riposi! (Lei)
Please, come in! → Prego, entra! (tu) / Prego, entri! (Lei)
Come here! → Vieni qui! (tu) / Venga qui! (Lei)
Tell me what happened! → Dimmi cos'è successo! (tu) / Mi dica cos'è successo! (Lei)
Wait for me! → Aspettami! (tu) / Mi aspetti! (Lei)
Have a seat! → Accomodati! (tu) / Si accomodi! (Lei)
Don't worry! → Non ti preoccupare! (tu) / Non si preoccupi! (Lei)
Listen carefully! → Ascolta bene! (tu) / Ascolti bene! (Lei)
Antonio: Ascolta bene!' è un ordine secco. 'Riposati!' invece è un consiglio tenero. Che differenza di tono!
Listen carefully!' is a sharp order. 'Rest up!' instead is a gentle piece of advice. What a difference in tone!
Paolo: E "Portami un caffè!" è un ordine disperato.
And "Bring me a coffee!" is a desperate order.
Myra: Enough with the coffee, you two! Let's stay focused.
Cari ascoltatori, did you spot the two irregulars? Venire and dire. We will cover those two in the next episode on irregular commands. But in case you're curious, I'll also include a grammar note about them in the transcript for this episode.
📘 Grammar Note – Two Irregular Commands
Vieni qui! (tu) / Venga qui! (Lei)
This comes from the verb venire, which is irregular. Instead of following the normal -ire pattern (dormi → dorma), it changes: vieni (tu), venga (Lei).
👉 You might say something like: "Ah, questo è un verbo irregolare: venire. Non segue il modello regolare degli -ire, quindi abbiamo vieni per tu e venga per Lei."
("This is an irregular verb: venire. It doesn't follow the regular -ire pattern, so we get vieni for tu and venga for Lei.")
Dimmi cos'è successo! (tu) / Mi dica cos'è successo! (Lei)
This comes from the verb dire, which is also irregular. Notice the tu command form is di' — but when a pronoun attaches (mi), it becomes dimmi. The Lei form is dica, also irregular.
👉 You might say something like: "E qui abbiamo un altro verbo irregolare: dire. Il tu diventa di', che con il pronome mi si trasforma in dimmi. La forma di cortesia è dica."
("And here we have another irregular verb: dire. The tu form becomes di', which with the pronoun mi turns into dimmi. The formal version is dica.")
🎯 Practice Exercise: Help Mariella!
Scenario: Mariella is still waiting at the station and feeling a bit nervous about her lawyer appointment. This first group is about 'tu' commands. You are her close friend. As her friend, give her some encouraging commands using the verbs provided.
Part A: Informal Commands (tu) - You're her close friend
Transform these infinitives into commands for Mariella:
Stay calm! → restare (calm) → Resta calma!
Breathe deeply! → respirare (deeply) → Respira profondamente!
Check the time! → guardare (the time) → Guarda l'ora!
Take the umbrella! → prendere (the umbrella) → Prendi l'ombrello!
Listen to the music! → sentire (the music) → Senti la musica!
Part B: Formal Commands (Lei)
You are speaking to a stranger at the station.
Come into the station! → entrare (in the station) → Entri nella stazione!
Wait here! → aspettare (here) → Aspetti qui!
Speak with the ticket agent! → parlare (with the ticket agent) → Parli con il bigliettaio!
Read the schedule! → leggere (the schedule) → Legga l'orario!
Part C: Commands with Pronouns
You will add the pronoun to make the command complete.
For these commands we are back to the tu form. Once again you are Mariella's close friend giving her encouragement.
Call me! → Chiama + mi = Chiamami!
Help us! → Aiuta + ci = Aiutaci!
Read it! (the message) → Leggi + lo = Leggilo!
Antonio: Myra… ma quanta grammatica! Non è ora di ascoltare un po' di storia?
Myra… so much grammar! Isn't it time for more of the story?
Paolo: Per una volta sono d'accordo con te, Antonio. Un po' di storia ci vuole!
For once I agree with you Antonio. We need a bit of story!
Myra: Va bene, va bene… avete ragione. Allora… ascoltiamo!
Alright, alright… you're right. So… let's listen!
As you listen, pay attention to any imperativo forms that appear in the story. Commands can sometimes jump out, like when someone gives an order, encouragement, or advice. See how many you can catch!
Paolo: La stazione ferroviaria era fredda e poco accogliente…
Ma aspetta un attimo, Myra. Perché non hai detto il vero nome della stazione di Firenze, Santa Maria Novella? Sarebbe stato più preciso!
But wait a second, Myra. Why didn't you say the real name of the Florence station, Santa Maria Novella? That would have been more precise!
Antonio: Ecco, lo sapevo… Paolo critico come sempre! Ma non tocca a te cambiare la storia. Sei il narratore, non l'editore!
There we go, I knew it… Paolo critical as always! But it's not your job to change the story. You're the narrator, not the editor!
Paolo: Io volevo solo aiutare i nostri ascoltatori a capire meglio.
I just wanted to help our listeners understand better.
Antonio: Lascia perdere! Da qui in poi, leggo io.
Forget it! From here on, I'll read.
Paolo: Mi rassegno… ancora una volta… come sempre.
I resign myself… once again… as always.
Myra:
Prima di continuare con la storia, ascoltate bene.
Before continuing with the story, listen well.
See if you can answer these questions.
- Dove stava andando Mariella dopo essere uscita dalla stazione?
Where was Mariella going after leaving the station?
- Chi ha visto sotto un lampione?
Who did she see under a streetlight?
- Che cosa aveva in mano quella donna?
What was that woman holding in her hand?
- Che cosa ha detto la donna misteriosa a Mariella?
What did the mysterious woman say to Mariella?
- Chi è arrivata alla fine con la macchina?
Who arrived at the end with the car?
Myra:
Avete le domande in mente?
Have you got the questions in mind?
Bene, allora ascoltiamo insieme la storia.
Good, then let's listen to the story together.
Ma lentamente per favore.
Chapter 2 Part 1B - Italian Only (slow speed)
Antonio:
La stazione ferroviaria era fredda e poco accogliente.
Mariella si è sistemata la sciarpa e ha iniziato a camminare verso il teatro, dove avrebbe potuto aspettare nell'atrio al caldo.
Sentiva i suoi passi echeggiare nel silenzio della strada deserta.
Quando ha raggiunto l'ingresso principale, ha visto una donna anziana sotto un lampione.
La donna le ricordava sua nonna. Aveva un libro sotto un braccio e un anello molto brillante al dito che scintillava alla luce del lampione.
Mariella si è avvicinata alla donna, e proprio mentre un vento improvviso ha iniziato a soffiare dal nulla, avrebbe giurato di aver sentito l'anziana donna dire, "Fidati del tuo istinto! Segui il tuo cuore e tutto ciò che desideri sarà tuo."
La donna assomigliava moltissimo a sua nonna Maria per come lei la ricordava.
Mariella stava per rispondere, ma poi ha detto, "Riprenditi! Te lo stai immaginando."
Zina è arrivata con la sua macchina e ha gridato a Mariella, "Che cosa fai lì? Sali in macchina! Faremo tardi!"
Myra: Grazie, Antonio. Adesso, puoi leggerlo di nuovo a velocità normale?
Thank you, Antonio. Now, can you read it again at normal speed?
(Antonio reads the passage again at normal speed)
🎧 Wrap-Up
Myra: So today we saw:
- How the imperativo works with regular -ARE, -ERE, -IRE verbs.
- How the tu and Lei forms sometimes "switch" endings. But only with what kind of verbs? ARE verbs.
- How to add pronouns to commands (Parlami! Leggilo! Dormici sopra!).
- How negative commands work: tu uses non + infinitive (Non parlare!), while Lei, noi, voi keep the imperative form (Non dorma! Non parliamo!).
- How reflexive verbs fit into commands: Riposati! Riposiamoci! Riposatevi! and the formal Si riposi!
- And finally, how the tone makes a command sound direct, polite, or caring.
In our next episode, we'll look at irregular imperativo forms and practice choosing between informal and formal commands in situations that life presents us with.
Antonio: Perfetto! Sarò io a guidarvi anche lì…
Perfect! I'll be the one to guide you through those too…
Paolo: Antonio, perché sei sempre tu a dare i comandi qui?
Antonio, why is it always you giving the commands around here?
Antonio: Io? Perché sono nato per comandare!
Me? Because I was born to command!
Paolo: E io? Per cosa sono nato allora?
And me? What was I born for then?
Antonio: Ah, vediamo… per portarmi il caffè? No… quello non ti riesce tanto bene. Myra, com'era il tuo tè? Ah, neanche quello allora…
Ah, let's see… to bring me coffee? No… you don't do that very well.
Myra, how was your tea? Ah, not that either…
Paolo: Non sapevo che fosse un esame…
I didn't know it was a test…
Antonio: Ma Paolo! La vita è tutta un esame! Ogni giorno è una prova da superare!
But Paolo! Life is one big test! Every day is a challenge to overcome!
Myra: La vita è una sfida.
Life is a challenge.
Paolo: Ogni giorno è una battaglia.
Every day is a battle.
Myra: Su con la vita, ragazzi! Abbiamo il prossimo episodio da preparare.
Cheer up, guys! We have our next episode to put together.
Antonio: E ricordate… superate ogni prova con stile!
And remember… overcome every test with style!
Myra: Forza ragazzi!
Paolo: Un tè… un caffè forte… con o senza latte, signori?
One tea… one strong coffee… with or without milk, ladies and gentlemen?
Myra: Ecco lo spirito giusto!
That's the right spirit!
Myra: Alla prossima!
Until next time!
Antonio: Ci vediamo presto!
See you soon!
Paolo:
Vabbè… alla prossima allora.
Whatever… see you next time then.